One choke for a noob shooter

Shoot it and pattern it at 20, 30, and 40 yards. Figure out how it’s shooting with your chosen shot shells. Adjust accordingly… Make notes. Chokes are easy to change!

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For consistency in both measurements and patterns, I’ve seen nothing better than Müller chokes. But for about half the price of them, Carlson’s will get you 95% of the same results. The only other aftermarket chokes I’d recommend are Briley.

Every factory choke from Beretta, Browning, Benelli and many others do not measure to what they are supposed to. The only exceptions are those companies that already include Briley chokes as their “stock” options like Blaser. I believe a few other companies do this as well or offer an upgrade to Briley chokes.
 
Shotguns these days mostly come with multi choke tubes (although I personally still prefer the old fashioned fixed choke). For me, full choke is what gets used the most. Most other sportsmen will be benefitted with a modified choke.
@Hunter-Habib - Agree with You and @BeeMaa that choke is only a factor in hunting and helpful in ‘killing’ your target vs hitting/missing it.
Obviously screw in Choke Tubes are much more popular today then 40 years ago and in large part because of effective marketing and a Generation of shooters that believe they are “needed” vs a Nice-to-have. In the late 1800s to early 1900s the entire North American waterfowl population was decimated by Market Hunters shooting Fixed chokes (most used Full) - most SxS were made in F&F or M&F there was no need for different chokes. Also, most hunters used the same shotgun for rabbits & upland birds — couldn’t afford multiple guns.
Today, from what I’ve read (I’m No expert) Fixed chokes are more popular in Europe including with Top Sporting Clays shooters. Browning makes some of their O/Us with Fixed chokes mostly for sale in Europe where there is more of a market for fixed chokes then in the USA. Some top Sporting Clays shooters use them (and other brands w/fixed chokes) in World Championship competitions because they believe Fixed chokes pattern better. Also, Top Clays shooters almost Never change chokes during a competition - they mostly use tight chokes for everything: IM&IM, F&F….
My goal is to someday be a good enough Clays shooter - where “choke” actually makes a difference in my Score ! The saying “choke makes a differnce in inches - most targets are missed by FEET” certainly applies to me.
 
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One thing about fixed chokes that is undeniable, they make for a lighter and easier swinging shotgun for the field. Not necessarily an advantage for the sport of clay shooting, but those extra ounces add up on a long walk-up hunt.
 
@Hunter-Habib - Agree with You and @BeeMaa that choke is only a factor in hunting and helpful in ‘killing’ your target vs hitting/missing it.
Obviously screw in Choke Tubes are much more popular today then 40 years ago and in large part because of effective marketing and a Generation of shooters that believe they are “needed” vs a Nice-to-have. In the late 1800s to early 1900s the entire North American waterfowl population was decimated by Market Hunters shooting Fixed chokes (most used Full) - most SxS were made in F&F or M&F there was no need for different chokes. Also, most hunters used the same shotgun for rabbits & upland birds — couldn’t afford multiple guns.
Today, from what I’ve read (I’m No expert) Fixed chokes are more popular in Europe including with Top Sporting Clays shooters. Browning makes some of their O/Us with Fixed chokes mostly for sale in Europe where there is more of a market for fixed chokes then in the USA. Some top Sporting Clays shooters use them (and other brands w/fixed chokes) in World Championship competitions because they believe Fixed chokes pattern better. Also, Top Clays shooters almost Never change chokes during a competition - they mostly use tight chokes for everything: IM&IM, F&F….
My goal is to someday be a good enough Clays shooter - where “choke” actually makes a difference in my Score ! The saying “choke makes a differnce in inches - most targets are missed by FEET” certainly applies to me.
@HankBuck
Do you know which Browning models are still being offered with fixed chokes ? Whenever I go on the Browning website, I only see invector choke tubes on all models listed.
 
@HankBuck
Do you know which Browning models are still being offered with fixed chokes ? Whenever I go on the Browning website, I only see invector choke tubes on all models listed.
@Hunter-Habib I do Not but I read articles about it in Sporting Clays magazine and was very surprised they still made them. I believe they are made on the same basic “Citori” action and would therefore be made by Miroku in Japan on a limited basis. But I could be wrong? All that would be required is for separate barrels to be made and fitted to the Citori action…that seems easy to do and for a Top Competitor that is Sponsored the cost would not matter. Browning triggers are usually poor (sloppy, travel) but that could be cleaned up with some custom work. It is rare to see any Top Sporting Clays shooter using a Browning and but many entry & mid level shooters use the Browning model 725 and it is by far the most popular Browning now in use on Sporting Clays courses. I will see if I can find the article or name of the Clays shooter(s) using Brownings and get back to you.
 
@Hunter-Habib I do Not but I read articles about it in Sporting Clays magazine and was very surprised they still made them. I believe they are made on the same basic “Citori” action and would therefore be made by Miroku in Japan on a limited basis. But I could be wrong? All that would be required is for separate barrels to be made and fitted to the Citori action…that seems easy to do and for a Top Competitor that is Sponsored the cost would not matter. Browning triggers are usually poor (sloppy, travel) but that could be cleaned up with some custom work. It is rare to see any Top Sporting Clays shooter using a Browning and but many entry & mid level shooters use the Browning model 725 and it is by far the most popular Browning now in use on Sporting Clays courses. I will see if I can find the article or name of the Clays shooter(s) using Brownings and get back to you.
@HankBuck

It could be the Belgian custom made Browning B-25 which is still offered with the option of fixed chokes.
 
@HankBuck
Do you know which Browning models are still being offered with fixed chokes ? Whenever I go on the Browning website, I only see invector choke tubes on all models listed.
I believe some Superposed can still be custom ordered from FN in Belgium. I have never seen an unaltered Superposed without fixed choke barrels.
 
If the OP is looking for an optimal does-all choke he DOES NOT want full! "Does-all" presumably includes hunting waterfowl which requires nontoxic shot. Shooting steel through most full barrels is very risky and few of us among the unwashed masses can afford bismuth or tungsten ammo. Anyway, even in barrels that can handle it, full choke with steel ammo does not throw a good pattern. It is only practical for shooting turkeys or trap (especially second barrel for double trap). Modified is definitely the most versatile choke.

For sporting clays changing chokes can make a difference for some stations, especially if shooting light loads/gauges. Keep in mind that IC choke in a 410 has the same diameter pattern as twelve gauge, just a LOT less shot per square inch. A standard clay target crossing at +50 yards can possibly fly through a light gun/shell pattern unscathed. Or a mini target going away at 40 yards. For those guns/shells/ranges the shooter should switch to a tighter choke. I shoot the same gun at clays that I use in the field: a heavy 12 gauge magnum Browning A5. For me clays and skeet are practice for hunting, not high score. The weight makes for a smooth swing. Light guns are too "lively" for me. Don't swing as well and I don't like the added recoil. My scores with that ugly gun aren't too bad either. Thursday I shot 79/100 on a course where the average for all shooters the week before was 64. My skeet average is usually 22.5/25 (a bit lower this year but came up at the end). Not bad for a 73 year-old who's essentially blind in one eye (ouch! ... so hard to slap myself on the back with this arthritis :D). For clays I use skeet and change to modified for long range stations. On occasion I'll shoot clays with O/U Citori and use skeet and modified through the course. But it doesn't fit me as well as the A5 and I don't use it in the field so I don't waste much ammo shooting it at the range. Pretty gun to look at though.
 
I believe their Parallelo SxS is still available with fixed chokes.

I have a 20 gauge 471 SxS with 3 inch chambers and fixed chokes. It was never listed in the catalog but available though the gallery.
Parallelo was available with fixed chokes until 2023, I believe. But now they stopped listing the fixed choke variant on their website. The 2025 catalog still lists them, but an employee at Beretta told me that this was an error & that all new Parallelo shotguns would exclusively be offered with multi chokes unfortunately.
 
Fixed choke barrels pointing/swinging/more or less lively is myth. I am old enough to have used both fixed and choked shotguns a LOT. I defy anyone to prove that a new Rem 870 barrel with choke tube screwed in weighs more than an old fixed choke barrel of same length. Is there a difference in patterning? Lots of variables to consider. Yes, I have encountered a "bad" modified Invector choke tube for my A5 that for whatever reason shot high relative to skeet or full choke tubes. Fortunately, I finally lost the damn thing and had to buy a replacement. That's the advantage of choke tubes: change as (or if) needed. A fixed choke barrel is what it is. If it isn't patterning where I'd like, the only option is buy another barrel. That is a HUGE advantage that definitely outweighs any mythological reasoning for choosing fixed chokes. As far as I can tell, the only applicable reason for choosing fixed chokes in a new shotgun is purely nostalgia asthetics.

The only genuine disadvantage to choke tubes is they require cleaning once in a while (like once a year). Anyone who manages to seize a choke tube in a barrel probably also wears his jockey shorts till they rot off. But I have seen it! Managed to free them all so far ... but it can be an ordeal.
 
Fixed choke barrels pointing/swinging/more or less lively is myth. I am old enough to have used both fixed and choked shotguns a LOT. I defy anyone to prove that a new Rem 870 barrel with choke tube screwed in weighs more than an old fixed choke barrel of same length. Is there a difference in patterning? Lots of variables to consider. Yes, I have encountered a "bad" modified Invector choke tube for my A5 that for whatever reason shot high relative to skeet or full choke tubes. Fortunately, I finally lost the damn thing and had to buy a replacement. That's the advantage of choke tubes: change as (or if) needed. A fixed choke barrel is what it is. If it isn't patterning where I'd like, the only option is buy another barrel. That is a HUGE advantage that definitely outweighs any mythological reasoning for choosing fixed chokes. As far as I can tell, the only applicable reason for choosing fixed chokes in a new shotgun is purely nostalgia asthetics.

The only genuine disadvantage to choke tubes is they require cleaning once in a while (like once a year). Anyone who manages to seize a choke tube in a barrel probably also wears his jockey shorts till they rot off. But I have seen it! Managed to free them all so far ... but it can be an ordeal.
@Ontario Hunter - I think the comparison in swing & smoothness was referring to OU barrels and Not Pumps - those single barrels tend to be thicker regardless of choke tubes or fixed. Since “smoothness & swing” are completely subjective and can’t be “measured” it’s pointless to argue.
Not many competitive shooters prefer fixed chokes However, those that do have no thoughts of “nostalgia” (ridiculous) — they only care about winning and having confidence in their gun & ammo. Also, most World Class Sporting Clays shooters never change their chokes during a competition so a screw in choke has little value. Plus, they don’t pay for their guns and can get a New Barrel Set FREE if they don’t like how those barrels pattern…..it’s a Good Life when You’re a fully sponsored shooter!! (Wish I could shoot that good)
 
@Ontario Hunter - I think the comparison in swing & smoothness was referring to OU barrels and Not Pumps - those single barrels tend to be thicker regardless of choke tubes or fixed. Since “smoothness & swing” are completely subjective and can’t be “measured” it’s pointless to argue.
Not many competitive shooters prefer fixed chokes However, those that do have no thoughts of “nostalgia” (ridiculous) — they only care about winning and having confidence in their gun & ammo. Also, most World Class Sporting Clays shooters never change their chokes during a competition so a screw in choke has little value. Plus, they don’t pay for their guns and can get a New Barrel Set FREE if they don’t like how those barrels pattern…..it’s a Good Life when You’re a fully sponsored shooter!! (Wish I could shoot that good)
Many competitive trap shooters have fixed full choke ... and ported ... and single shot. Hardly a "do-all" setup. Not something I would use to hunt pheasants or geese.

Many of the guys at my course shoot only IC. But the ones using 410 and 28 gauge are wasting ammo on two stations. Just not enough pattern density, pellet density, or end velocity to make them work on long range targets.

Clays carts seem to sell well for guys who use different guns for different stations. Hard to imagine they're not changing chokes too.

 
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Many competitive trap shooters have fixed full choke ... and ported ... and single shot. Hardly a "do-all" setup. Not something I would use to hunt pheasants or geese.

Many of the guys at my course shoot only IC. But the ones using 410 and 28 gauge are wasting ammo on two stations. Just not enough pattern density, pellet density, or end velocity to make them work on long range targets.

Clays carts seem to sell well for guys who use different guns for different stations. Hard to imagine they're not changing chokes too.

@Ontario Hunter - it’s really Not “hard to imagine” if you ever attend or follow results at Sporting Clays competitions. While you might find some locals that drag two guns around a Clays course or change choke tubes at many stations - you won’t find them placing at higher level competitions (Worlds, Nationals, or Regionals etc.) or any other top level competition. The only adjustment they might make at a station is switching ammo from 8s down to 7 1/2s. Their focus is completely on the target, hold point, break point. It is what makes them “different” from the rest of us - concentration on what matters and consistency - separates the good shots from the Great ones. Babe Ruth didn’t bat .300 & hit 714 home runs thinking about what-cleats-to-wear.
 
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Who you callin old?

Evidently you!

There are a lot of older fixed full choke shotguns still used at our camp. Back in your day in Louisiana, most of the men only had one gun, a 12 or 16ga shotgun, for everything - deer, ducks, etc. Most preferred a 30" full choke barrel. Only when we had to start using non-toxic shot for ducks did modified barrels become more popular.

Once interchangeable chokes became commonplace and all the ducks quit showing up, specialty chokes started showing up like pattern master, kicks, etc.
 

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