Unita
While being guided in Africa by a PH and depending on what country you are in you may have a game ranger/warden with you.
If you have made the decision to stalk the animal and to close the distance it is your animal and you need to prepared to pay. The stalk is not over until the PH says the quarry is not what he is looking for and you beat a hasty retreat.
As soon as the animal hit the dirt the country's paperwork will be filled out before leaving that location.
Your PH and Game ranger will have a conversation discussing a situation you have brought up. A determination will be made as to who is responsible for the shot animal. The hunter or the PH. Now in a few countries if the Hunter does not claim is deemed not liable for the quarry shot, they probably will need to drive or fly to the game rangers headquarters to discuss the event with the person in charge. From what i have read this could take a day to a few days to complete, and may or may not involve a fine and jail time for both the hunter and PH.
Now you being the client may or may not be along to testify what you observed or thought happened (if you were along you will be there). Now do you want to see that happen on your safari or are you willing to take the animal that was harvested. Tough pill to swallow at times.
I have had this happen to a friend of mine. They Shot the wrong elephant. What are you going to do when you are being charged and about to be run over by an elephant, shoot or die. They both shot and the cow went down. They got close and the wind changed while they were in the midst of a great elephant hunt. Basically killing the cow elephant shut them down for the rest of the 14 day safari. My friend ended up paying for the cow elephant and it ended his safari, however he was not able to get the ivory or tail and hide. And they were lucky it was a elephant and not a lion as he was told that would have been worse.
Now you could try the cash (chunks of bills, your PH will let you know how much) in the hand to see if the game ranger will look the other way and let you keep the buffalo. However, i am not sure you could do anything with Rhino, Lion, Female leopard or cow elephant. If it is a bull elephant you had better be shooting if you were that close as you will buy and eat that one.